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Jason Dunn
03-12-2010, 04:00 PM
<p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/dht/auto/1268419221.usr1.jpg" style="border: 0;" /></p><p>Since first hearing about the <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/winfamily/windowshomeserver/default.mspx" target="_blank">Windows Home Server</a> operating system a few years ago, I've been intrigued with Microsoft's efforts in this space. I was fortunate to be included in the first beta, for which I used my old software/hardware testing computer, cobbled together from an assortment of parts. I called this my "Frankenbox"; the machine was a standard mid-sized tower with a 400 watt power supply, a 3 Ghz Celeron CPU, and 2 GB of RAM. When I deployed it as my Windows Home Server, I added a few new parts to it: an Intel gigabit Ethernet card, a SATA card for installing extra hard drives, and of course a bunch of hard drives. It's easiest to show the hard drive arrangement with a screen shot. <MORE /></p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com//wpt/auto/1268026164.usr1.png" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 1: My Frankenbox Windows Home Server hard drive configuration.</em></p><p>I wasn't kidding about the "bunch of hard drives" part. That's five internal hard drives, and four external USB-based hard drives. Eight, count &lsquo;em, eight hard drives for a total storage pool of 2.72 terabytes (2720 GB) - and a 500 GB hard drive to serve as a backup location for the user data on the server. The server backup function only backs up the shared folders, not the system backups, so this 500 GB hard drive was just big enough to handle that data. In this configuration, I still had 1.2 terabytes of free storage space. I had a perfectly functioning Windows Home Server with more than enough storage space for my immediate needs, yet I felt the urge to replace it. Why? Below is one of the reasons.&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268026235.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 2: My Windows Home Server, complete with monitor and keyboard. Oh, and cable modem, external hard drives, and water purifier.</em></p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268026295.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 3: The chaos from the rear...lots of cables, power supplies, and hard drives.</em></p><p>My Frankenbox Windows Home Server setup was big, messy, loud, and power-hungry. I initially chose to build my own Windows Home Server rather than buy an OEM system because I wanted to ensure the product would be useful to me before I invested much money. Having a Windows Home Server has been great over the past couple of years, so I decided it was time to invest in an OEM system. Leading the market in this space is HP, so early last year I contacted HP Canada and arranged to purchase an HP EX485 - thankfully, with a bit of a media discount. I chose the EX485 with its 750 GB hard drive rather than the EX487 with its two 750 GB hard drives because other than the storage provided, the products are identical - and the cost difference between the two exceeded the purchase price of a 750 GB hard drive. The EX485/487 have since been eclipsed by the release of the <a href="http://astore.amazon.com/digitalhomethoughts-20/detail/B002N8A0A2" target="_blank">EX490 ($505 USD, affiliate)</a> and the <a href="http://astore.amazon.com/digitalhomethoughts-20/detail/B002N8A098" target="_blank">EX495 ($659 USD, affiliate)</a> - this is what happens when I take too long to write an article. The basic points of this article remain intact, however.</p><p><PAGE /></p><h1>A New Windows Home Server is Only Part of the Solution</h1><p>Once the EX485 arrived, I wasn't quite done: I wanted to fill all three remaining storage bays with the biggest, but most power-efficient hard drives that I could find. What sprang to mind immediately was the <a href="http://www.westerndigital.com/en/products/products.asp?driveid=763" target="_blank">Western Digital Caviar Green series hard drives</a>; these drives came in capacities starting at 640 GB and going up to 2000 GB capacities, and best of all, could move from 5400 RPM up to 7200 RPM as needed. They were fast, quiet, and power-efficient. The hard drives in a Windows Home Server spend most of their time doing nothing in an average home environment, so the idle power usage of the hard drives I chose was important. The Western Digital Caviar Green drives don't disappoint; they use a mere 5 watts of power at idle, or 8 watts of power at peak.</p><p><img height="412" src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/dht/auto/1239119636.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" width="600" /></p><p><em>Figure 4: As Mario would say, "That's a wholla lotta' storage!"</em></p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268027652.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 5: Installing the Western Digital Green drives was fast and easy.</em></p><p>I contacted Western Digital to ask for a couple of these hard drives, and they surprised me by sending four of their 1 TB Green drives my way for testing. The HP EX485 comes with a server restore DVD, so I pulled the 750 GB Seagate hard drive out of the server, put in all four Western Digital Green drives, and ran the server restore DVD. It took a little while for the process to complete, but when the server powered up everything was working perfectly, and I had gobs of storage ready for use.</p><h1>So Was It Worth It?</h1><p>Absolutely - I'm glad that I replaced my aging "Frankenbox" with the HP Windows Home Server product - there were a few key advantages that this new system would give me. First and foremost, it allowed me to go from the mess shown in Figures 2 and&nbsp;3, to this:</p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268027847.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 6: Can you feel the serenity from the new, simplified setup?</em></p><p>The newly simplified setup is much easier to deal with, and much quieter than the old system with all the external hard drives. The HP EX485 with four hard drives isn't what I'd call quiet however; I wouldn't want it out on my desk. I think most people tuck their Windows Home Servers in a back room or under a desk though, so noise isn't a primary concern. To show the physical space savings from another perspective, these two images tell the story:</p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268028002.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p>Figure 7: The tower, keyboard, monitor, and mess of external hard drives from my old system.</p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com/resizer/thumbs/size/600/wpt/auto/1268028116.usr1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 8: On the left, the sum-total of my new Windows Home Server setup. Notice a difference?</em></p><p>Beyond the physical size savings, I saw significant performance increases in terms of copying data to and from my server, along with a greatly simplified storage configuration. With the old storage configuration (Figure 1) of eight hard drives, it was a nightmare trying to figure out which physical drive mapped to each drive listing. I once had a drive failing and it took a lot of effort to figure out which external hard drive it was. My new storage configuration is much easier to understand:</p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com//wpt/auto/1268028292.usr1.png" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 9: The new HP EX485 and Western Digital Green drives storage configuration.</em></p><p>On the old Frankenbox Windows Home Server, I saw file copy performance of&nbsp;20 MB/s range when copying thousands of small (5 MB) files. On the new Windows Home Server, the same types of files were zipping along at 31.2 MB/s - a 56% increase in speed. When it comes to copying large files (3 GB), I see speeds in the 54 MB/s range -&nbsp;a 270% increase in speed. After all four Western Digital Green drives were installed, I had 3.62 TB of space for my data.</p><p><PAGE /></p><h1>The Green Angle</h1><p>Beyond the space savings and performance increase, I also achieved another thing I was after: reduced power consumption. I don't consider myself a particularly hardcore "Green" person, but I do try to reduce waste wherever I can, and I knew that my power-hungry Frankenbox was wasting power.</p><p>Some things of note related to power consumption (all measures with the super-cool <a href="http://www.thinkgeek.com/gadgets/travelpower/7657/" target="_blank">Kill A Watt</a>), thanks to some help from Chris Gohlke:</p><ul><li>My old Frankenbox, with all the external hard drives included, used 178 watts of power at idle. That number would increase depending on what the server was doing, but since most of the time a Windows Home Server is idle, I used 178 watts as the baseline measurement.</li><li>When I set up the new HP EX485, with the Seagate 750 GB hard drive, it was using 40 watts at idle.</li><li>After I swapped out the Seagate drive for a single 1 TB Western Digital Green drive, it was using 36 watts at idle. That's 11% power savings from changing a single hard drive - not bad!</li><li>After installing all four 1 TV Western Digital Green drives, the HP EX485 was using 50 watts at idle. That's 356% less power than the Frankenbox. Wow!</li><li>Based on my real-world electricity charges of 0.076 cents per killowatt hour (kwH), over the course of a 12 month period if both servers were left on 24 hours a day, my Frankenbox would cost me $118.51 in electricity. The HP EX485 with the four 1 TB Western Digital Green drives would cost me $33.29, a savings of $85.22. Or, put more impressively, a cost savings of 71.9%.</li><li>I can gain additional power savings by putting the server to sleep daily between certain hours. Home-built Windows Home Servers don't have this functionality.</li></ul><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com//wpt/auto/1268031114.usr1.png" style="border: 1px solid #d2d2bb;" /></p><p><em>Figure 10: The HP Windows Home Servers can be configured to shut down between certain hours.</em></p><p>Here's the reality check with "going green" however: replacing something that's functioning, even if it's inefficient, with a "green" equivalent rarely results in immediate savings. I'd have to run the HP EX485 for almost seven years to recoup in electricity savings what it cost me to purchase it - and that's not factoring what it would cost me to purchase the four 1 TB Western Digital Green drives. I did sell some of those external hard drives from my old server, so the profit from that help offset the cost of the new server. I donated the old Frankenbox to a family member, and gave away many of the spare internal hard drives right here on Digital Home Thoughts in contests last year.</p><p>For me, the combination of saving space, generating less noise, simplifying my setup, getting greater performance, and using less electricity made for a compelling case to switch from a custom-built Windows Home Server to an HP EX485 Windows Home Server. The addition of the <a href="http://www.westerndigital.com/en/products/products.asp?driveid=763" target="_blank">Western Digital Green hard drives</a> gave me even more storage than before, without driving up the power consumption. I'm thrilled with the way this setup works now!</p><p><em>Jason Dunn owns and operates <a href="http://www.thoughtsmedia.com/" target="_blank">Thoughts Media Inc.</a>, a company dedicated to creating the best in online communities. He enjoys <a href="http://photos.jasondunn.com/" target="_blank">photography</a>, mobile devices, <a href="http://www.jasondunn.com/" target="_blank">blogging</a>, digital media content creation/editing, and pretty much all technology. He lives in Calgary, Alberta, Canada with his lovely wife, his son Logan, and his sometimes obedient dog. He thinks everyone with more than one computer should have a Windows Home Server.</em></p><p><em></em><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com//ppct/auto/1240336793.usr1.gif" /></p><p><strong>Do you enjoy using new hardware, <a class="iAs" href="http://www.digitalhomethoughts.com/news/show/93798/dell-s-inspiron-mini-10-reviewed.html" target="_blank">software</a> and accessories, then sharing your experience with others? Then join us on the <a href="http://www.thoughtsmedia.com/reviewteam.php" target="_blank">Thoughts Media Review Team</a>! We're looking for individuals who find it fun to test new gear and give their honest opinions about the experience. It's a volunteer role with some great perks. Interested? <a href="http://www.thoughtsmedia.com/reviewteam.php" target="_blank">Then click here for more information.</a></strong></p><p><img src="http://images.thoughtsmedia.com//ppct/auto/1240336793.usr1.gif" /></p>

The Yaz
03-12-2010, 04:26 PM
Nice job Jason!

I also was in the WHS Beta at the beginning and liked what it had to offer. I was one of the winners of your 500GB drive and added it to my server with an external Sata dock.

What I like about the dock is that it holds two drives which I use for server backups and it has an easy to reach on/off switch so I'm not using electricity to map the drives until I'm ready to run the backups.

I was tempted to get the HP Mediasmart slimcase WHS during Christmas when it went down to $249, but my wife wouldn't let me pull the trigger.

Maybe next year :cool:

Steve

Hooch Tan
03-12-2010, 05:23 PM
Having an Acer EasyStore H340 myself, I can also appreciate the benefits of a WHS setup. I have not tested the power consumption, but I am reasonably certain it uses less power than my previous dual computer setup that had 14 various drives, both internal and external.

Aside from the reduction in power consumption, I have to say that one of the absolute biggest benefits for me is that I do not have to really manage my NAS anymore. All storage is in a virtual pool so I do not have to concern myself with how much space is left on each drive. Redundancy is automatic too. The weight lifted off my shoulders lets me worry about other geek ventures like building a new workstation!

jaxim
03-12-2010, 05:23 PM
Question: Can you schedule certain drives to sleep when the Windows Home Server is on? Also, can the WHS turn these sleeping drives on when I attempt to access them from another drive?

Hooch Tan
03-12-2010, 05:32 PM
Question: Can you schedule certain drives to sleep when the Windows Home Server is on? Also, can the WHS turn these sleeping drives on when I attempt to access them from another drive?

Other people may have more experience than I, but from what I understand of the WHS setup, you cannot really set specific drives to sleep. WHS manages all the disks and abstracts it as a large pool of storage to the user. Thus, you have no idea what drive a specific file is. I would expect that when drives are not in use, they do spin down to idle though.

ptyork
03-12-2010, 06:36 PM
Question: Can you schedule certain drives to sleep when the Windows Home Server is on? Also, can the WHS turn these sleeping drives on when I attempt to access them from another drive?

It would definitely have to be WHS managing this, not you, since it is responsible for allocating (and reallocating) storage across your "array." At least in my old 470, the drives do at least spin down to idle. At least the three, non-system drives do. I don't honestly know how to check to see if they are actually sleeping. However, I don't think so since they are pretty quick to spin back up to speed when needed. Hopefully the next version will address this given the recent push towards Green IT. It definitely is a waste to have these things idling unless you access them quite frequently.

Phillip Dyson
03-12-2010, 10:56 PM
Excellent write-up Jason.
I'm currently only using WHS for laptop backup but still have an old XP machine serving as my file server. I would love to have my WHS serve as my central box but still need to figure out how to integrate some kind of off-site replication.
I have a Mozy home account running on my XP box currently with LiveSync pulling content from my laptops. My WHS isn't even in the mix.

Gordo
03-12-2010, 11:52 PM
I don't have a Home Server, but am considering one. The big question is can I install MOZY on it and have my off-site backup?

Hooch Tan
03-13-2010, 12:16 AM
According to Mozy, you'd need to use their Mozy Pro service. The reasoning is that WHS is essentially a modified Windows 2003 Server and MozyHome does not appear to support the Windows Server OSes.

Jason Dunn
03-13-2010, 07:22 AM
I was tempted to get the HP Mediasmart slimcase WHS during Christmas when it went down to $249, but my wife wouldn't let me pull the trigger.

That was SUCH a good deal! Next time let me talk to your wife for you. :D:D:D

Jason Dunn
03-13-2010, 07:24 AM
Question: Can you schedule certain drives to sleep when the Windows Home Server is on? Also, can the WHS turn these sleeping drives on when I attempt to access them from another drive?

No, not to my knowledge. If that hard drives do go into a sleep mode, I can't tell - response is always fast. You wouldn't want the drives to sleep though if the WHS was on; accessing data would be slowed down if the drives were always having to wake up first. The drive pool is all one big "chunk" of storage, so you don't think about it in terms of individual drives...

Jason Dunn
03-13-2010, 07:26 AM
I have a Mozy home account running on my XP box currently with LiveSync pulling content from my laptops. My WHS isn't even in the mix.

Yeah, I do something similar - I use Live Sync to pull content to my Media Center PC, which has Mozy installed on it; I then use SyncbackSE to back up content from that PC, and from my WHS, to a 1 TB external hard drive. Mozy backs up pretty much everything on that hard drive. I have about 460 GB with Mozy now - love it!

Jason Dunn
03-13-2010, 07:28 AM
I don't have a Home Server, but am considering one. The big question is can I install MOZY on it and have my off-site backup?

No, those damn buggers at Mozy keep saying "Oh, it's a SERVER, so you need our corporate back up solution", but they seem to ignore the HOME part of the product name. Drives me nuts. What they're afraid of obviously is the huge spike in data that uploading a whole server's worth of content would place on their system. I guess I can't blame them, but I'd be willing to pay a bit more per month to have a Windows Home Server version of their client - and it's not like I'd back up the computer backups or anything!

If you'd like to ask Mozy for a WHS version of their software, email them:

Contact | Mozy (http://mozy.com/contact)

towermax
03-22-2010, 10:07 PM
Excellent article, with one exception. You state:

"I can gain additional power savings by putting the server to sleep daily between certain hours. Home-built Windows Home Servers don't have this functionality."

Fortunately, add-ons are available to put WHS asleep on home-built systems. I use Lights Out to put my home-built WHS server into hibernation every day between 11:00 PM and 8:00 AM.

Lights Out is subtitled "Green IT for WHS" and has a variety of energy saving functions. There are other add-ons that have similar functionality.

Jason Dunn
03-24-2010, 12:32 AM
Fortunately, add-ons are available to put WHS asleep on home-built systems. I use Lights Out to put my home-built WHS server into hibernation every day between 11:00 PM and 8:00 AM.

Cool, thanks for letting me know! :)